Samuels et al., ‘Intersecting exclusions’, 2021
- Category: Reports
- Source: NGOs
- Subject: Sexual Orientation/Sexuality, Gender Identity, Intersex, Refugee/Asylum
- Place: Africa, Other
- Year: 2021
- File: FCDO-ODI_Intersecting_exclusions_report_final
- URL: https://odi.org/en/publications/intersecting-exclusions-experiences-of-violence-and-displacement-among-lgbtqi-communities-in-kenya/
Fiona Samuels, Rachel George, Emily Dwyer, Maryline Mireku, and Jenny Rivett, ‘Intersecting exclusions: experiences of violence and displacement among LGBTQI+ communities in Kenya’, ODI Report, London: ODI, 30 September 2021
Abstract
Through an intersectional lens, this study delves into the nuance between LGBTQI+ experiences of violence and displacement in the Kenyan context. Often invisibilsed, this research draws attention to the differences between members of the LGBTQI+ community in Kenya and their experiences of discrimination and violence. Based on key informant interviews and group discussions, the true nature of marginalisation is brought into relief using an intersectional approach. It highlights how exposure to stigma and anti-LGBTQI+ hate is mediated by multiple layers of identity.
The report also explores the implications for gender-based violence (GBV) service provision in the country, with recommendations for policymakers and legislators as well as programme implementers and service providers.
Key Findings
- Not only are LGBTQI+ migrants or refugees often discriminated against, facing homophobia, biphobia, lesbophobia or transphobia from other refugees and host populations, but they also experience discrimination from members of the host LGBTQI+ community (who perceive them to be benefiting from state support where they are not).
- Participants commonly expressed that some gender non-conforming groups under the LGBTQI+ umbrella were more at risk of violence than others, with bisexual men and transwomen most exposed to stigma. This is largely due to their greater visibility and ‘deviance’ from binary social and gender norms.
- Experiences of discrimination faced by LGBTQI+ people included: being blackmailed, ‘outed’ against their will, evicted from their homes or targeted with arson attacks, ‘correctional sex’ assaults or sexual abuse, denial of access to services and employment, misgendering, social exclusion and exploitation, as well as being disinherited by their families.